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The Tamil word Kanda means ‘a series of verses or sentences’, and Guru is a teacher. So, Kandha Guru is a group of scholarly words or lines. Kandha Guru Kovasam is the study of the genres in Sangam literature. This phrase has come to refer to an anthology of poems written by ancient Tamil poets, including those who have long been considered as the first ever to write in this language. These poets were called ‘Kandhanar’ which means ‘One who sings in praise of Lord Shiva’ back then. The history of the collection that came to be called ‘Kandha Guru Kovasam’ can be traced back to the 3rd or 4th century CE. Most of the verses in this anthology are attributed to Amuthakkoothar, one of the major contributors to Tamil literature in these three centuries. Since this work contains poems in praise of Lord Shiva, it is named after him as 'Kandha Guru'. The date when Kandha Guru is supposed to have been composed varies from one author to another. Some timeline estimates when it was composed range between 300 BCE and 100 CE, while others give a later dating between 600 CE and 300 BCE. In general, all of the poems in this anthology were composed as a whole. Different authors have been attributed to the individual works. Some works are said to be attributed to Veylapandiya Kavanar, while some others are attributed to Nayanmars, Mullaiyan Kanavu or Vadakkan Veeran or Aayiramizh. This work is also known as Kandha Guru Pothukal (). The original text was written with a mixture of Tamil and Sanskrit grammar rules and thus it was very difficult for a common reader to understand it. So it was translated into Tamil, Telugu and Sanskrit. The earliest manuscripts of this Kandha Guru Sangam are in the form of palm leaf scripts. The most interesting part is that there are five different versions of these palm leafs from different regions. The most popular one is the version from the Vaishnavite community in Kerala, which has been attributed to orator Nambi Andar Nambi. There is also a version from Chola dynasty in Tamil Nadu and a version from Pandya dynasty in Tamil Nadu. A sixth manuscript was discovered by Sri Ramakrishna Paramahamsa (1836–1886) in 1897 at a place called Krishnagiri near Mysore in Karnataka region . This manuscript is believed to be lost now. There are five versions of Kandha Guru Sangam in total, with identical content in each one. The differences between versions are in the number of verses (from about 8,000 to more than 10,000) and the order of the verses, depending on region. Some historians put forward that Nambi Andar Nambi’s version was based on this palm leaf but there is no definite proof for this claim so far. It's also said that these palm leafs where discovered by Sri Ramakrishna Paramahamsa (1836–1886). cfa1e77820
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